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Capital Punishment in the United Kingdom |
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Capital Punishment in the United Kingdom |
Capital punishment in the United Kingdom, now entirely abolished in all circumstances, has a long history, dating from before the modern United Kingdom actually existed.
Sir Samuel Romilly speaking to the House of Commons on capital punishment in 1810, declared that
"..there is no country on the face of the earth in which there have been so many different offences according to law to be punished with death as in England."
Known as the "Bloody Code", at its height some 220 different crimes were punishable by death. These crimes included such offences as "being in the company of gypsies for one month", "strong evidence of malice in a child aged 7–14 years of age" and "blacking the face or using a disguise whilst committing a crime". Many of these offences had been introduced to protect the property of the increasingly wealthy classes that emerged during the first half of the eighteenth century; a notable example being the Black Act of 1723 which created fifty capital offences for various acts of theft and poaching.
Whilst executions for murder, burglary and robbery were common, the death sentences of minor offenders were often not carried out. However, children were commonly executed for such minor crimes as stealing. A sentence of death could be commuted or respited (permanently postponed) for reasons such as benefit of clergy, official pardons, pregnancy of the offender or performance of military or naval duty[1]. Many believed the situation to be a farce. |
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Capital Punishment in the United Kingdom |
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